新新英语作文30天——第四天：常见20种句法错误-考研英语-同创考研网

新新英语作文30天——第四天：常见20种句法错误

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新新英语作文30天——第五天：造句的两大技巧
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前车之鉴

任何一个句子, 尤其是书面语的句子, 首先要做到合乎语法规范, 如主谓结构完整、主谓一致、正确的时态、语态等。今天我们就把句子中最常见的语法错误罗列出来，供大家参考借鉴。

1. A series of debates between the two lecturers were scheduled for the next weekend.

主谓不一致的错误在写作中十分常见，尤其是当主语离谓语较远的时候。本句中的主语是series而不是debates或lectures，因此谓语应为单数形式，也就是要把were改为was。

2. There are many students play football on the sports ground.

本句中的错误是句式杂糅，也就是所谓的“Runon”句。两个句子糅合在一起，没有标点符号隔开或用错误的标点符号隔开被称为“Runon”句。改正的方法有四种：1）变成两个独立的分句。那么此句就可以改为：There are many students on the sports ground. They are playing football. 2）通过使用分号和连词变为并列句。此句可改为：There are many students on the sports ground; they are playing football. 或There are many students on the sports ground and they are playing football.3）将其中的一部分改为充当修饰成分的短语。比如这句话可以改为： There are many students playing football on the sports ground. 4）通过使用关联词if, when, who等将其中一个句子改为从句。那么此句可以改为： There are many students who are playing football on the sports ground.每一个句子都可以用不同的方式来表述，我们在写作时可以根据句子表达的需要选择最佳的句式。

Barking dogs don't bite.

吠狗不咬人。 3. There is a teacher I shall always remember. Because she has a sweet voice and a pleasant smile.

此处的错误是由于连词和标点使用不当而造成片语（fragment），也就是完整句子的一部分，它不能完整的表达句义。最常见的片语多数是由从属连词开头的，改正的方法就是将它跟主句合并。因此，这句话应该改为：There is a teacher I shall always remember because she has a sweet voice and a pleasant smile.

4. It is important to exercise because everybody seems to watch you if you fat and out of shape.

此句的错误是缺少句子成分。英语中的形容词必须和系动词一起构成系表结构才能作谓语。因此，本句可以改为：It is important to exercise, because everybody seems to watch you if you are fat and out of shape.

5. This great loss had kill Mrs. white, but actually this free her from her husband.

时态不一致。时态是英语中的难点之一，当用某一种时态的时候，我们感觉还不是特别难，但当两种或两种以上的时态混合使用的时候或许就会出现问题了。本句可改为：This great loss had killed Mrs. white, but actually this freed her from her husband.

What is done by night appears by day.

若要人不知，除非已莫为。 6. I did not know what was happened in the classroom.

此处的错误是不及物动词的错误使用。汉语中的动词没有及物和不及物之分，因而中国的学生常常忽略这个问题。请大家注意不及物动词不能直接跟宾语，也没有被动语态。这句话应改为： I did not know what had happened in the classroom.

7. While celebrate their 20th anniversary in the restaurant, the wine glass broke and damaged Mr. White’s finger.

这个句子中的问题出在分词作状语上。正确使用现在分词作状语能使句子结构多样化，但也不可以滥用。如果用错了的话，还不如不用。此句可以改为：While Mr. White celebrating their 20th anniversary in the restaurant, the wine glass broke and damaged his finger.或When Mr. White celebrated their 20th anniversary in the restaurant, the wine glass broke and damaged his finger.

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