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2.因果法：说明原因，论述事理。下面这篇作文讲的是“汉堡受欢迎的原因”，第一段提出问题“为什么受欢迎呢？”接下来在说原因时，用到了上面的列举法，只不过不是“first, second, finally”而是“first, then, besides that”，让人感觉不落俗套。例文如下：
Anger begins with folly, ends in repentance.
愤怒以愚蠢开始，以后悔告终。 The hamburger is the most popular food item in the United States. Every year Americans consume billions of them. They are sold in expensive restaurants and in humble diners. They are cooked at home on the kitchen stove or over a barbecue grill in the backyard. Why are they so popular?
First, a hamburger is extremely easy to prepare. It is nothing more than a piece of ground beef, cooked for a few minutes. Then it is placed in a sliced bun. Nothing could be simpler. Even an unskilled cook can turn out hundreds of them in an hour. Besides that, the simple hamburger can be varied in many ways. You can melt some cheese on top of the beef to create a cheeseburger.
3.例证法：举具体的事例来证明观点，这是议论文最常用的方法，尽量找最能体现观点的例子，具体点，微观点，给人说服力。请看下面作者论证“不劳无获”的观点，用的是拳击运动的例子。例文如下：
The saying “No pains, no gains” is universally accepted because of the plain yet philosophical moral teaches: if one wants to achieve something, he has to work and tolerate more than others. The saying is true of any pursuit man seeks. A case in point is boxing. While we heap cheers on the winner, few happen to imagine that his gold belt is won at the cost of his sweat, tears, blood, even life over years before the arrival of that exciting moment.
【他山之石】
中间段常用核心句型
中间段的常用核心句型，同样是20句，任你选！
1) The change in...mainly results from ....
2) The increase in...is due to the fact that....
3) Many people would claim that....
4) One of the reasons given for...is that.... What is also worth noticing is that....
5) There are a variety of reasons for this dramatic growth in.... First, ... Second, ... Finally, ...
6) There is no evidence to suggest that....
7) Why are (is / do / did)...? For one thing, .... For another, ....
8) There are numerous reasons why..., and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones.
9) It will exert remarkable effect on....
10) A multitude of factors could account for (contribute to) the change in....
11) With the development of..., vast changes awaits this countrys society.
12) History is filled with the examples of....
13) The story is not rare (isolated / unique), it is one of many examples.
14) As is shown in the table released by the government, it can be learned that....
15) There is (no) good evidence to....
16) We must admit the undeniable fact that....
17) No one can deny (brush aside) the fact that....
18) Experience (Evidence) suggests that....
19) The same is true of....
20) As the saying goes, “....”
三、结尾段
【方法例释】
结尾段要干脆利落，深化主题。结尾段的写作方法很多，常用的有如下四种：
1.总结归纳：简要总结归纳文章要点，以便深化主题印象。例如：
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