二、日常用语(Everyday English)

日常问候用语是考生必须熟练运用的知识，这与考生的口语操练有很大关系。说促进听，是许多英语学习者的心得。而且日常问候要视人而定，如英国人见面谈天气，美国人见面问身体等。下面作详细介绍：

1.问候类(Greetings)

英语中的问候用语非常繁多，正式的通常有：
　　How do you do?(初次见面通常用语)
　　How are you?(比较熟悉的人之间用语)
　　How are you getting along with...?(你近来...可好?)
　　How are you doing?(您工作还顺利吧?)
　　How is everything?(一切还好吧?)
　　How is your vacation/holiday(s)/Christmas Day/weekend?(假期怎么样?)

当今美国社会流行口语用语，大致有：
　　What's up?(近来可忙?)
　　Hello?Hi?
　　What's going on?(近来可好?)
　　How is life?
　　How is it going?anything new?
　　Pleased to meet you again!

对以上问候的对答通常有How do you do!
　　Fine!Thank you，and you?
　　Every is fine!
　　I'm just great!
　　Very(quite)well，thank you!
　　Couldn't be better，thank you!
　　Not bad!
　　Can't complain!
　　Just so so.

值得一提的是，随着美语越来越广泛地渗透，听力中用美语朗读且以美国社会为背景的题材的趋势愈加明显。考生要注意日常口语对话，及时吸取信息，将对听力有很大的帮助。

请看下面的对话：

A：Good morning, Ms Lucy. This is Betty, can you still remember me?

B：Betty? Is it really? Surely I remember you. You are my good friend, and I haven??t seen you for ages, but how are you?

A：Fine, I??m just fine, Ms Lucy...

2.告别类(Farewell)

有聚总有散。告别情景的设置往往并非简单、直接地告别，常伴随着理由、托辞等。

直接的告别话语有：
　　Good bye! (Bye bye! Bye!)
　　See you (tomorrow)! See you later!
　　So long! Farewell!

委婉的告别辞有：
　　I'd like to say goodbye to everyone.
　　I'm afraid I must be going now.
　　I'm calling to say goodbye.

其他带有祝愿以及叮嘱等的告别辞有：
　　I'll look forward to seeing you soon.
　　Let's hope we ll meet again.
　　Hope to see you again.
　　Drop in anytime you like.
　　Mind how you go, bye!
　　Take care of yourself, and don't forget to keep in touch.
　　Do keep in touch!
　　My regards to your family.
　　A pleasant journey to you!
　　I'll miss you!

这种表达方式与中国人的日常言谈颇为相似，所以有时不妨可作大胆推测。

请在下面的对话中对此加以体会：
　　M: I'm afraid I've got to go now。
　　W: Can't you stay just another minute?
　　M: Oh, dear, I really have to...
　　W: Ok, take care of yourself, and I will miss you. Bye!
　　M: Bye!...

3.介绍(Introduction)

在日常生活中我们会经常碰到一些朋友小聚会，生日晚会等场面。在这些活动中，总会有一些我们不认识的人，因而互相介绍在这里就显得非常的重要。在听力中，人物介绍往往是一句带过，因此通过这些有限句子弄清人物关系十分重要。同时要注意语气的委婉。

英语中介绍性的语句通常有：
　　May I know your name?(请问贵姓?)
　　It's my pleasure to introduce you to each other.(我非常高兴给你们互相介绍)
　　May I introduce Mr. Bill to you all?(请允许我给大家介绍以下比尔先生)
　　Margaret，can you introduce me to her?(玛格丽特，你能不能把我介绍给她?)
　　Let me introduce you to others.(让我给大家介绍一下你吧)
　　Meet my sister Cathy.(这是我的姐(妹)凯丝)
　　Bill, this is Tom.