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470语言学和英美文学基础知识——华南理工大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试试卷

 

470
华南理工大学
2006年攻读硕士学位究生入学试试卷
(试卷上做答无效,请在答题纸上做答,试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回)
科目名称:语言学和英美文学基础知识
适用:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学
PartI.Linguistics(75marks)
1.Definethefollowingterms(15marks)
1)competence
2)context
3)inflection
4)parole
5)utterance
2.Answerthefollowingquestions(10marks)
1)Whatisdescriptivelinguistics?
2)Whatisuniversalgrammar?
3.Analyzethelinguisticdataaccordingtotherequirements(30marks)
1)ThefollowingsetsofminimalpairsshowthatEnglish/p/and/b/contrastininitial,medial,andfinalpositions.
InitialMedialFinal
pit/bitrapid/rabidcap/cab
Findsimilarsetsofminimalpairsforeachpairofconsonantsgiven:
a./k/-/g/
b./m/-/n/
c./l/-/r/
d./b/-/v/
e./s/-/z/
2)Drawtreesdiagramsforthefollowingcompounds.Notethattheyallhavemorethanonemeaningandthereforerequiremorethanonetree.
a.studentfilmsociety
b.NewYorktaxidriver
3)Analyzeandexplainthereferentialrelationshipbetweenthenominalphrasesineachofthefollowingsentences:
a.Johnlikeshim.
b.BillsaidJohnlikeshim.
c.JohnsaidJohnlikesJohn.
4)Examinethefollowingsentences.Inthespacegiven,writeAforanalyticsentences,Cforcontradictorysentences,andSforsituationalsentences:
a.Queensaremonarchs.
b.Catsarestupid.
c.Queensaremothers.
d.Babiesareadults.
e.Mybachelorfriendsarealllonely.
f.Dogsarefour-legged.
g.Mybachelorfriendsareallmarried.
4.Writeaboutthefollowingtopics(20marks)
1)Conceptsoflanguage
2)Thescientificstudyoflanguage
PartII.Literature(75marks)
1.Nameamasterpieceofeachofthefollowingauthors(10points)
1)WilliamGolding
2)JohnMilton
3)J.D.Salinger
4)ThomasHardy
5)D.H.Lawrence
6)HenryFielding
7)JaneAusten
8)JohnBunyan
9)ArthurMiller
10)WilliamFaulkner
11)F.ScottFitzgerald
12)E.M.Forster
13)WilliamMakespeaceThackeray
14)JamesJoyce
15)EmilyBrontë
16)GeorgeEliot
17)HermanMelville
18)EugeneO’Neill
19)JohnSteinbeck
20)JohnUpdike
2.Definethefollowingtermsinyourownwords(10marks)
1)plot
2)pointofview
3)trilogy
4)theme
5)symbol
3.Summarizetheplotsoftwoofthefollowingworks(10marks)
1)TheDeathofaSalesman
2)DaisyMiller
3)TomJones
4)Ulysses
4.Answerthefollowingquestions(20marks)
1)IsGatsby(inTheGreatGatsby)atragichero?Discuss.
2)Discussthestream-of-consciousnesstechniquesinMrs.Dalloway.
5.Literaryinterpretation(25marks)
ReadingthefollowingshortstorybyErnestHemingwayandcommentonthelonelinessofoldmeninthisparticularsociety.
AClean,Well-LightedPlaceErnestHemingway
Itwasverylateandeveryonehadleftthecafeexceptanoldmanwhosatintheshadowtheleavesofthetreemadeagainsttheelectriclight.Inthedaytimethestreetwasdusty,butatnightthedewsettledthedustandtheoldmanlikedtositlatebecausehewasdeafandnowatnightitwasquietandhefeltthedifference.Thetwowaitersinsidethecafeknewthattheoldmanwasalittledrunk,andwhilehewasagoodclienttheyknewthatifhebecametoodrunkhewouldleavewithoutpaying,sotheykeptwatchonhim.
“Lastweekhetriedtocommitsuicide,”onewaitersaid.
“Why?”
“Hewasindespair.”
“Whatabout?”
“Nothing.”
“Howdoyouknowitwasnothing?”
“Hehasplentyofmoney.”
Theysattogetheratathatwascloseagainstthewallnearthedoorofthecafeandlookedattheterracewheretheswereallemptyexceptwheretheoldmansatintheshadowoftheleavesofthetreethatmovedslightlyinthewind.Agirlandasoldierwentbyinthestreet.Thestreetlightshoneonthebrassnumberonhiscollar.Thegirlworenoheadcoveringandhurriedbesidehim.
“Theguardwillpickhimup,”onewaitersaid.
“Whatdoesitmatterifhegetswhathe’safter?”
“Hehadbettergetoffthestreetnow.Theguardwillgethim.Theywentbyfiveminutesago.”
Theoldmansittingintheshadowrappedonhissaucerwithhisglass.Theyoungerwaiterwentovertohim.
“Whatdoyouwant?”
Theoldmanlookedathim.“Anotherbrandy,”hesaid.
“You’llbedrunk,”thewaitersaid.Theoldmanlookedathim.Thewaiterwentaway.
“He’llstayallnight,”hesaidtohiscolleague.“I’msleepynow.Inevergetintobedbeforethreeo’clock.Heshouldhavekilledhimselflastweek.”
Thewaitertookthebrandybottleandanothersaucerfromthecounterinsidethecafeandmarchedouttotheoldman’s.Heputdownthesaucerandpouredtheglassfullofbrandy.
“Youshouldhavekilledyourselflastweek,”hesaidtothedeafman.Theoldmanmotionedwithhisfinger.“Alittlemore,”hesaid.Thewaiterpouredonintotheglasssothatthebrandysloppedoverandrandownthestemintothetopsaucerofthepile.“Thankyou,”theoldmansaid.Thewaitertookthebottlebackinsidethecafe.Hesatdownatthewithhiscolleagueagain.
“He’sdrunknow,”hesaid.
“He’sdrunkeverynight.”
“Whatdidhewanttokillhimselffor?”
“HowshouldIknow.”
“Howdidhedoit?”
“Hehunghimselfwitharope.”
“Whocuthimdown?”
“Hisniece.”
“Whydidtheydoit?”
“Fearforhissoul.”
“Howmuchmoneyhashegot?”“He’sgotplenty.”
“Hemustbeeightyyearsold.”
“AnywayIshouldsayhewaseighty.”
“Iwishhewouldgohome.Inevergettobedbeforethreeo’clock.Whatkindofhouristhattogotobed?”
“Hestaysupbecausehelikesit.”
“He’slonely.I’mnotlonely.Ihaveawifewaitinginbedforme.”
“Hehadawifeoncetoo.”
“Awifewouldbenogoodtohimnow.”
“Youcan’ttell.Hemightbebetterwithawife.”
“Hisniecelooksafterhim.Yousaidshecuthimdown.”
“Iknow.”“Iwouldn’twanttobethatold.Anoldmanisanastything.”
“Notalways.Thisoldmanisclean.Hedrinkswithoutspilling.Evennow,drunk.Lookathim.”
“Idon’twanttolookathim.Iwishhewouldgohome.Hehasnoregardforthosewhomustwork.”
Theoldmanlookedfromhisglassacrossthesquare,thenoveratthewaiters.
“Anotherbrandy,”hesaid,pointingtohisglass.Thewaiterwhowasinahurrycameover.
“Finished,”hesaid,speakingwiththatomissionofsyntaxstupidpeopleemploywhentalkingtodrunkenpeopleorforeigners.“Nomoretonight.Closenow.”
“Another,”saidtheoldman.
“No.Finished.”Thewaiterwipedtheedgeofthewithatowelandshookhishead.
Theoldmanstoodup,slowlycountedthesaucers,tookaleathercoinpursefromhispocketandpaidforthedrinks,leavinghalfapesetatip.Thewaiterwatchedhimgodownthestreet,averyoldmanwalkingunsteadilybutwithdignity.
“Whydidn’tyoulethimstayanddrink?”theunhurriedwaiterasked.Theywereputtinguptheshutters.“Itisnothalf-pasttwo.”
“Iwanttogohometobed.”
“Whatisanhour?”
“Moretomethantohim.”
“Anhouristhesame.”
“Youtalklikeanoldmanyourself.Hecanbuyabottleanddrinkathome.”
“It’snotthesame.”
“No,itisnot,”agreedthewaiterwithawife.Hedidnotwishtobeunjust.Hewasonlyinahurry.
“Andyou?Youhavenofearofgoinghomebeforeyourusualhour?”
“Areyoutryingtoinsultme?”
“No,hombre,onlytomakeajoke.”
“No,”thewaiterwhowasinahurrysaid,risingfrompullingdownthemetalshutters.“Ihaveconfidence.Iamallconfidence.”
“Youhaveyouth,confidence,andajob,”theolderwaitersaid.“Youhaveeverything.”
“Andwhatdoyoulack?”
“Everythingbutwork.”
“YouhaveeverythingIhave.”
“No.IhaveneverhadconfidenceandIamnotyoung.”
“Comeon.Stoptalkingnonsenseandlockup.”
“Iamofthosewholiketostaylateatthecafe,”theolderwaitersaid.
“Withallthosewhodonotwanttogotobed.Withallthosewhoneedalightforthenight.”
“Iwanttogohomeandintobed.”
“Weareoftwodifferentkinds,”theolderwaitersaid.Hewasnowdressedtogohome.“Itisnotonlyaquestionofyouthandconfidencealthoughthosethingsareverybeautiful.EachnightIamreluctanttocloseupbecausetheremaybesomeonewhoneedsthecafe.”
“Hombre,therearebodegasopenallnightlong.”
“Youdonotunderstand.Thisisacleanandpleasantcafe.Itiswelllighted.Thelightisverygoodandalso,now,thereareshadowsoftheleaves.”
“Goodnight,”saidtheyoungerwaiter.
“Goodnight,”theothersaid.Turningofftheelectriclighthecontinuedtheconversationwithhimself,Itwasthelightofcoursebutitisnecessarythattheplacebecleanandpleasant.Youdonotwantmusic.Certainlyyoudonotwantmusic.Norcanyoustandbeforeabarwithdignityalthoughthatisallthatisprovidedforthesehours.Whatdidhefear?Itwasnotafearordread,Itwasanothingthatheknewtoowell.Itwasallanothingandamanwasanothingtoo.Itwasonlythatandlightwasallitneededandacertaincleannessandorder.Somelivedinitandneverfeltitbutheknewitallwasnadaypuesnadaynadaypuesnada.Ournadawhoartinnada,nadabethynamethykingdomnadathywillbenadainnadaasitisinnada.Giveusthisnadaourdailynadaandnadausournadaaswenadaournadasandnadausnotintonadabutdeliverusfromnada;puesnada.Hailnothingfullofnothing,nothingiswiththee.Hesmiledandstoodbeforeabarwithashiningsteampressurecoffeemachine.
“What’syours?”askedthebarman.
“Nada.”
“Otrolocomas,”saidthebarmanandturnedaway.
“Alittlecup,”saidthewaiter.
Thebarmanpoureditforhim.
“Thelightisverybrightandpleasantbutthebarisunpolished,”thewaitersaid.
Thebarmanlookedathimbutdidnotanswer.Itwastoolateatnightforconversation.
“Youwantanothercopita?”thebarmanasked.
“No,thankyou,”saidthewaiterandwentout.Hedislikedbarsandbodegas.Aclean,well-lightedcafewasaverydifferentthing.Now,withoutthinkingfurther,hewouldgohometohisroom.Hewouldlieinthebedandfinally,withdaylight,hewouldgotosleep.Afterall,hesaidtohimself,it’sprobablyonlyinsomnia.Manymusthaveit.
470语言学和英美文学基础知识——华南理工大学2006年硕士究生入学试试卷.doc
 
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