statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the 
best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.  
Passage One 
       Mobility of individual members and family groups tends to split up family relationships. Occasionally the
 movement of a family away from a situation which has been the source of friction results in greater family
 organization, but on the whole mobility is disorganizing. 
       Individuals and families are involved in three types of mobility: movement in space, movement up or 
down in social status, and the movement of ideas. These are termed respectively spatial, vertical, and 
ideational mobility. 
       A great increase in spatial mobility has gone along with improvements in rail and water transportation,
 the invention and use of the automobile, and the availability of airplane passenger service. Spatial mobility
 results in a decline in the importance of the traditional home with its emphasis on family continuity and 
stability. It also means that when individual family members of the family as a whole move away from a 
community, the person or the family is removed from the pressures of relatives, friends, and community
 institutions for conventionality and stability. Even more important is the fact that spatial mobility permits
 some members of a family to come in contact with and possibly adopt attitudes, values, and ways of 
thinking different from those held by other family members. The presence of different attitudes, values, 
and ways of thinking within a family may, and often does, result in conflict and family disorganization. 
Potential disorganization is present in those families in which the husband, wife, and children are spatially
 separated over a long period, or are living together but see each other only briefly because of different
 work schedules. 
      One index of the increase in vertical mobility is the great increase in the proportion of sons and to 
some extent daughters, who engage in occupations other than those of the parents. Another index of 
vertical mobility is the degree of intermarriage between social classes. This occurs almost exclusively
 between classes which are adjacent to each other. Engaging in a different occupation, or intermarriage,
 like spatial mobility, allows one to come in contact with ways of behavior different from those of the 
parental home, and tends to separate parents and their children. 
       The increase in ideational mobility is measured by the increase in publications, such as newspapers, 
periodicals, and books, the increase in the percentage of the population owning radios, and the increase