“If this situation, with its intellectual and political similarities to America before the Civil War, promises
 once again to endanger domestic peace,” Nash warns, “it is not the fault of history.”  
41.  Radical environmentalists hold that ____. 
[A]  all of nature should enjoy legal and ethical protection 
[B]  all animals should have legal rights as human beings 
[C]  viruses should be eliminated from this planet 
[D]  nature should be exploited in a humane way  
42.  By “all men were created equal,” Thomas Jefferson meant that ____. 
[A]  all human beings should enjoy equal rights 
[B]  all white males should have equal rights 
[C]  blacks and whites should enjoy equal rights 
[D]  men and women should have equal rights 
43.  According to the so-called deep environmentalists, _____. 
[A]  things in nature that have value to people should be protected 
[B]  virgin forests should be preserved 
[C]  man should let rivers take their natural course and dams should not be built 
[D]  everything in nature has its intrinsic (天生的) value and should be protected 
 44.  According to the passage, Nash ____. 
[A]  is neutral on the question concerning the ethical rights of nature 
[B]  sympathizes with the radical environmentalists 
[C]  laughs at the idea that nature deserves a place in the American liberal tradition 
[D]  is scornful of the anti-slavery radicals for insisting that slaves were human beings.  
45.  The best title for this passage might be ____. 
[A]  Ethics and the Natural World 
[B]  Anti-slavery Radicals and Deep Environmentalists 
[C]  All men Were Created Equal 
[D]  Relationship Between Human Beings and Nature 
Passage Three 
        Whereas George Gershwin worked in the glare of critical and commercial success, Charles Ives 
worked in obscurity. Though Ives created the bulk of his output before Gershwin appeared on the scene, 
his music was almost completely neglected until he was “rediscovered” in the 1940’s and 1950’s. He earned his livelihood, for most of his adult life, in the insurance business and created some of the 
most striking examples of American music in his spare time. Ives’s composing was restricted to weekends, holidays, vacations, and long evenings, Ives himself was quite 
philosophic about this and never considered his business career a handicap to artistic production. On the 
contrary, he regarded his music and the business in which he earned his livelihood as complementary 
activities. 
        His raw material for all of his work was the ordinary musical life of a small New England town. In